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Passover Chronology

By Rabbi Dr. Hillel ben David (Greg Killian)

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The following is the chronology of the Passover week, in the days of Mashiach ben Yoseph, which I learned from my teacher, His Eminence Hakham Dr. Yosef ben Haggai.

 

The days of the week as they were at the time of the exodus, and how they corresponded to the Hebrew dates, is exactly the same as it was in the days of Mashiach’s death. In other words, Nisan 14 was a Thursday in the days of the exodus[1] and Nisan 14 was a Thursday in the days when Mashiach was killed.[2]

 

The following chart shows the chronology of the Passover in the days of Moshe and of Yeshua’s death.

 


 

 

In Egypt

Mashiach

Shabbat, Nisan 10

 

Shabbat HaGadol

Jews in Egypt are circumcised.

 

The Pesach lamb, without blemish, is chosen.  Exodus 12:3

The Tur[3] explains that in the year of the Exodus the 10th day of Nisan fell on Shabbat. Thus, the Passover lamb,[4] which had to be purchased four days before the holiday, was purchased on that Shabbat.

 

Shemot (Exodus) 12:3 On the tenth of this month they shall take for themselves, each man, a lamb or kid...

 

Yeshua, our Passover lamb, was selected on Nisan 10 and was examined by various groups for four days, beginning on Shabbat, Nisan 10. We can see these examinations in Luqas (Luke) 20:1 – 22:6.

 

Yeshua feeds the multitude. John 6:4-15

 

Yeshua enters Jerusalem, on the foal of a donkey, as Messiah King, on Shabbat.  John 12:12-15, Zechariah 9:9

 

Yeshua heals the blind and lame.  Matthew 21:14

Sunday, Nisan 11

 

Yeshua curses the fig tree.  Mark 11:12-14

 

Yeshua is presented as Messiah Priest, on the first day of the week.  Mark 11:12-19, Isaiah 56:7

Monday, Nisan 12

 

Cursed fig tree is withered.   Mark 11:20-25

 

Yeshua talks about the end times.  Matthew 24, Mark 13, Matthew 26:2

 

Yeshua tells the parable of the 10 virgins and their oil.  Matthew 25:1-13, Matthew 26:2

 

Yeshua says that whoever feeds, clothes, or visits the least, visited Him.  Matthew 25:24 - 26:2

 

Yeshua tells the parable of the talents.  Matthew 25:14-29

 

Yeshua is presented as Messiah Prophet, on the second day of the week.  Mark 11:20 - 14:2

 

Sadducees search for chametz

Tuesday, Nisan 13

 

Aharon lit the Menorah

EVENING

EVENING (End of Nisan 12 Beginning of Nisan 13) - Tuesday Evening that year

 

Pharisees search for the chametz

MORNING (Nisan 13) - Wednesday morning that year

 

Sadducees burn chametz before mid-day

 

Yeshua sends two disciples, from Bethany, to Jerusalem to prepare for Pesach.  Mark 14:1-16

 

AFTERNOON (Nisan 13) - Wednesday about or after 3:00 p.m. in that year

 

Wednesday, Nisan 14

 

Fast of the Firstborn

Afternoon (Nisan 14) - Thursday afternoon at about 3:00 p.m. that year:

 

Jews in Egypt slaughter their Pesach lambs.

 

Evening (End of Nisan 13 Beginning of Nisan 14) - Wednesday evening in that year:

 

Sadducees have the Pesach Seder without the lamb.

 

Mashiach partakes with his Talmidim of this Pesach seder (only on this year) since the dispute on when the korban Pesach was to be killed was for the sake of heaven (i.e. that he could have one seder and die as the Pharisee’s korban pesach).[5]

 

Preparation day.  John 19:14, 31

 

Late Evening (Nisan 14) Wednesday night that year:

 

Mashiach is apprehended by the Temple Garden at Gat-Sh'manim (Gethsemane) whilst praying.

 

Mashiach is interrogated by the illegitimate High Priest and Priests and delivered to Pilate.

 

Morning (Nisan 14) - Thursday morning that year:

 

Pharisees dispose of the leaven

 

Mashiach is tried by Pilate and following the counsel of the illegitimate Priests is disposed off by being sentenced to death.

 

Afternoon (Nisan 14) - Thursday afternoon at about 3:00 p.m. that year:

 

Mashiach dies hanging on a Roman cross at Maqom Gilgulet for sedition.

 

Pharisees are killing their Pesach lambs.

 

Mashiach is hurriedly laid in a borrowed tomb.

Thursday, Nisan15

 

Passover

Evening (Ending Nisan 14 and Beginning of Nisan 15) - Thursday evening of that year

 

Jews eat the Passover in Egypt in the days of Moses.

 

Firstborn of Egypt are killed by HaShem.

 

Egyptian officials beg Moses and the Israelites to leave (yom chamishi).  Exodus 11:8

 

Egyptians bury their firstborn.  Exodus 33:3-4

 

Morning and afternoon of Nisan 15 - Friday morning and afternoon of that year

 

On Thursday, the fifteenth of Nisan, all of HaShem’s host departed from Ramses and on that same day they arrived in Succoth. There the Holy One, Blessed is He, encompassed them with the seven clouds of glory.

Evening (Ending Nisan 14 and Beginning of Nisan 15) - Thursday evening of that year

 

Pharisees eat their Korban Pesach (lamb) and have their Pesach Seder.

 

Morning and afternoon of Nisan 15 - Friday morning and afternoon of that year

 

Proper embalming of Mashiach.

 

Door of tomb is sealed by order of the Kohanim with a great stone.

Friday, Nisan 16

 

CHOL HAMOED PESACH

The next day, the sixteenth of Nisan, they traveled from Succoth and encamped at Etham on the edge of the wilderness.

Evening (Ending Nisan 15 and Beginning Nisan 16) - Friday night of that year

 

Kabbalat Shabbat for all (Sadducees, Pharisees, and Nazareans) - no work allowed

 

Evening (Ending Nisan 16 and Beginning Nisan 17) Saturday evening of that year

 

Mashiach is risen from the dead sometime during Shabbat.

 

Havdalah (many of the prayers in this service concern the topic of resurrection - and the ritual of extinguishing (transporting) a life (light) from the day (dimension) which is all Shabbat and injecting it into the dimension of time of the living on earth - the sea of wine on the dish).

Saturday, Nisan 17

 

SHABBAT CHOL HAMOED PESACH

It was Shabbat so they remained encamped at Etham.

Evening (Ending Nisan 16 and Beginning Nisan 17) Saturday evening of that year

 

Pharisees cut the first of the first fruits and start counting the Omer since the previous day was Shabbat.

 

Sadducees also start counting the Omer.

 

Dawn - Early morning Nisan 17 - Sunday morning that year

 

Women visit the tomb.

 

Big earthquake.

 

Soldiers guarding the tomb flee for their lives and inform the corrupt priests of that time.

 

Women are informed by an angel not to fear and that their Master has risen.[6]

 

Miriam is asked not to touch him since he is "not yet ascended (presented) to the Father".

 

Morning service Nisan 17 at the Temple - Sunday Morning of that year

 

The Omer is waved by the High Priest before HaShem at the Bet HaMikdash

 

Afternoon  Nisan 17 - Sunday afternoon of that year

 

"That very day" His Majesty appears to two of his very terrified Talmidim on the way to a village about seven miles from Yerushalayim called Amma'us and chats and teaches Torah to them.

Sunday, Nisan 18

 

CHOL HAMOED PESACH

On Sunday, the eighteenth of Nisan, the Bne Israel began to prepare their belongings and animals for departure. Paro’s couriers said to them, “Your period of freedom has ended, it is time for you to return to Egypt, for you said that you would be going on a three day journey”. Israel replied, “It was not by Paro’s permission that we left Egypt. It was HaShem’s exalted hand that brought us out”. The Couriers countered, “Whether you like it or not, in the end you must obey the royal command”. Israel rose up against them and struck them, killing some and injuring others. Those who remained went back to report to Paro.

 

When the Couriers left at midday on the eighteenth of Nisan, Moshe said to Israel, “Go back towards Egypt so that Paro shall not claim that you are fleeing. Let him catch up with you near his land and if he has the power to stop you, let him come and stop you”. Moshe sounded the shofar and the people returned to Pi Hahiroth, a day and a half’s journey from Egypt.

When the blast of the shofar was heard, those with little faith began to tear out their hair and rend their clothes, for they thought that Moshe was returning them to Egypt. They were calmed when Moshe told them, “HaShem Himself has told me that you are free men. Our apparent retreat is only to entice the Egyptians and mislead them”.

Two Miryams come to Yeshua's tomb to embalm Him.  John 20:1-9

 

Yeshua tells the women not to touch Him.  John 20:17

 

Yeshua opens the scriptures on the road to Emmaus. Luke 24:13

 

Yeshua shows Himself to ten apostles in the upper room, the evening of the first day of the week. John 20:19

Monday, Nisan 19

 

CHOL HAMOED PESACH

The Couriers traveled a day and a half and at the end of Monday, the nineteenth of Nisan, they came to Paro and informed him that the people had fled.

 

Tuesday, Nisan 20

 

CHOL HAMOED PESACH

On Tuesday, the twentieth of Nisan, Paro assembled his chariots and, gathering his nation to accompany him, set out in pursuit of the Bne Israel, catching up to them as they encamped on the banks of the sea.

Yeshua needs the sprinkling for touching the dead.  Numbers 19:11-13  

 

Bamidbar (Numbers) 19:18–19 And the clean [person] shall sprinkle upon the unclean on the third day, and on the seventh day: and on the seventh day he shall purify himself, and wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and shall be clean at even.

 

On the third day after His resurrection, Mashiach ascends through the seven heavens (figurative of the seven sprinklings of blood?) and composed like the ashes of the red heifer of "ESH" (fire) and "MAYIM" (water) and which purify him from his state of ceremonial uncleanness.

Wednesday, Nisan 21

 

Seventh Day of Passover

Moses tells the Israelites to see the salvation of HaShem.  Exodus 14:13, Sotah 12b

 

On Wednesday, the seventh night of Pesach, the beginning of the twenty-first of Nisan, Israel entered the sea and in the morning they came out and saw what HaShem’s exalted Hand had done to the Egyptians. It was then that Moshe and the Bne Israel sang / will sing their song of praise.

 

God removes wheels from Egyptian chariots.  Exodus 14:24-25

 

God destroys Pharaoh's army, chariots, and horses with water.  Exodus 14:21-28

 

Moses and Miriam sing the song of Moses to the Lord.  Exodus 15

 

Thursday, Nisan 22

Israelites start crossing the desert of Etham, without any water. Day 1  Exodus 15:22, Numbers 33:8

 

Friday, Nisan 23

Israelites continue crossing the desert of Etham, without any water. Day 2  Exodus 15:22, Numbers 33:8

 

Saturday, Nisan 24

Israelites finish crossing the desert of Etham, without any water. Day 3  Exodus 15:22, Numbers 33:8

 

Moses threw a piece of wood in the waters of Marah and they became sweet.  Numbers 15:22-25

 

Israelites observe Sabbath at Marah. Honor parents, rest on Shabbat, and Noachide laws are given.  Shabbat 87b

Yeshua needs the sprinkling for touching the dead.  Numbers 19:11-13  

 

Bamidbar (Numbers) 19:18–19 And the clean [person] shall sprinkle upon the unclean on the third day, and on the seventh day: and on the seventh day he shall purify himself, and wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and shall be clean at even.

 

On the seventh day after His resurrection, Mashiach ascends through the seven heavens (figurative of the seven sprinklings of blood on the curtain [wilon]?) and composed like the ashes of the red heifer of "ESH" (fire) and "MAYIM" (water) and which purify him from his state of ceremonial uncleanness.

Sunday, Nisan 25

 

Evening  Nisan 25 - Sunday evening of that year

 

Yeshua shows Himself to doubting Thomas.

 

Yeshua celebrates Havdalah with the Disciples.  John 20:26-28

 

 


IYAR 18 - LAG BAOMER

 

Morning/Afternoon

 

After a period of forty days teaching his Talmidim after his resurrection (2 Luqas (Acts) 1:3), Mashiach ascends finally to the heavens (2 Luqas 1:6-11), awaiting his return at the time appointed by HaShem, Most Blessed be He!

 

Israel was forty years in the Sinai Wilderness. HaShem had shown Moshe the Heavenly Tabernacle, or Temple, and had instructed Moshe to make a Tabernacle in the wilderness alike the order of the one shown to him at the mountain. It took one year to build the Tabernacle of Israel, which Israel used as the meeting place of HaShem with them for the remaining thirty-nine years. During those thirty-nine years, Israel spent six years moving about with the Tabernacle dismantled and unused. This brings us to the point that the Tabernacle of Israel was in use as the meeting place for HaShem and His people for exactly thirty-three years of the forty years of the wilderness experience.

 

In the Jewish year of 3828 on the ninth day of the month of Av, the Romans destroyed the Temple for the second time. However, Titus, alike Nebuchadnezzar, put Jerusalem under siege on the day of Lag B'Omer.

 

When His Majesty King Yeshua was Lag B'Omer in age (thirty-three years of age) his body (temple) was put to death by the Roman execution of the cross.

 

I believe that when Yeshua ascended, He was fulfilling His obligation to send us a Comforter to instruct us in all wisdom. Amen and therefore triumph over Nebuchadnezzar and Pilate .

 

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FUTURES

 

Birchat HaChamah[7] is recited every 28 years, after sunrise on the first Wednesday of spring. The next one will be on Nisan 14, 5769.

 

Only once in 28 years, is the sun at exactly the same place in the sky, at the same hour and on the same day of the week, that it was at the time of its creation. We mark this occasion in the month of Nisan by rising at dawn to make the Bircat HaChamah, the blessing on the sun. After the morning prayers are recited, everyone goes outside and recites with great simcha:

 

"Blessed are You, HaShem, our God, King of the universe, Who does the work of creation!'

 

This is accompanied by the singing of songs and praises.

 

In the year 5769 (2009), the 206th cycle of the sun will be complete, and in the Nisan of that year, we will have the privilege once again of saying the blessing on the Sun. May it come to us and all Israel for good!

 

Consider that the “sun” is an allegory for the Mashiach.

 

* * *

 

Chazal teach the following chronology:

 

Mashiach will redeem us in Nisan.

 

Mashiach will be revealed on Tisha B’Av.

 

Mashiach will be crowned King on Yom Teruah (Rosh Hashanah).

 

Notes:

  a. Nowadays, and after the calendrical reform at the hands of the Pharisees who sit on Moshe’s seat of authority, the calendar has been so engineered as to prevent the counting of the Omer according to the Pharisees to ever coincide with the counting of the Omer according to the Sadducees as it happened that year. 

 

  b. Our contention is that in that year in which the events of the death of His Majesty took place (before the calendrical reform) the counting of the Omer occurred coincidentally on the same day for both Pharisees and Sadducees.

 

  c. We further contend that the dispute concerning when to eat the Korban Pesach (the night beginning, or the night ending the 14th of Nisan) was one for the sake of Heaven, and which HaShem allowed so that His Mashiach could eat and partake of the Korban Pesach of the Sadducees and die at the same time that the Perushim were killing their Korban Pesach as Hakham Shaul (himself a Perushim) informs us in 1 Cor. 5:7.

 

* * *

 



This study was written by

Rabbi Dr. Hillel ben David

(Greg Killian).

Comments may be submitted to:

 

Rabbi Dr. Greg Killian

12210 Luckey Summit

San Antonio, TX 78252

 

Internet address:  gkilli@aol.com

Web page:  https://www.betemunah.org/

 

(360) 918-2905

 

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[1] Shemot (Exodus) 13:1

[2] Pesikta deRab Kahana, Pisqa Five, V:1; Midrash Rabbah - Genesis VI:1

[3] Orach Chaim, ch. 430

[4] 1 Corinthians 5:7

[5] The Sadducees and the Pharisees had a disagreement as to when Passover was to be celebrated.

 

The Torah says that Passover is celebrated on the 14th of Nisan (Exodus 12:6). The Sadducees, therefore, celebrated Passover on the fourteenth.

 

The Oral law (from Sinai) that was used by the Pharisees, says that the "evening", in Exodus 12:6, means that we celebrate at the beginning of the 15th of Nisan. The Pharisees celebrated Passover beginning on the fifteenth of Nisan.

 

Because this dispute was for the sake of heaven, Yeshua used this dispute to have His last seder on the 14th (like the Sadducees), without the lamb. No one could have lamb till the next day because the Pharisees would not permit it. Yeshua therefore died at the exact time when all of the other lambs were killed for the Passover, at the end of the 14th, as ordained by the Pharisees.

 

Thus Yeshua could celebrate the Passover seder on the 14th while being the Passover lamb later that same day. He thus followed both the Saducees and the Pharisees in this dispute.

 

All orthodox Jews, down through time, all follow the oral law and the Pharisees.

[6] Yochanan (John) 20:17

[7][7] The source for the sun blessing every 28 years is from Talmud Brachot 59b. Additional sources - "Maimonides" Laws of Blessings 10:18; "Code of Jewish Law" O.C. 229:2.