Distance Between Dates – Timing Of Events

By Rabbi Dr. Hillel ben David (Greg Killian)

In this study I would like to understand the Jewish calendar better by examining the unique timing of various events.

Nisan	Iyar	Sivan	Tammuz	Av	Elul	Tishri	Cheshvan	Kislev	Tevet	Shevat	Adar
30	29	30	29	30	29	30	29/30	29/30	29	30	29

Event 1	Event 2	Days separating events
Nisan 1 (New Year for Kings)	Tishri 1 (New Year for Gentile Kings)	177 days
Tekufa of Nisan (Vernal equinox)	Tekufa of Tishri (Autumnal equinox)	185 days
Nisan 10, 5772 (HaGadole)	Tishri 1, 5776	1260 days
Nisan 15 (Pesach)	Up to and including Tishri 22 (Shemini Atzeret)	185 days
Nisan 15 (Pesach)	Pesach Sheni	30 days
Nisan 16 (Pesach)	Iyar 18 (Lag B’Omer)	33 days
Nisan 16 (Pesach)	Sivan 6 (Shavuot)	7 times 7 + 1 = 50 days (Sfirat HaOmer)
Nisan 21 (Pesach)	Sivan 6 (Shavuot)	42 days
Nisan 27 (Yom HaShoah)
Iyar 5 (Yom HaZikaron / Memorial Day)
Iyar 18 (Lag B’Omer)	Sivan 6 (Shavuot)	17 days
Iyar 28 (Yom Yerushalayim / Jerusalem Day)
Sivan 6 (Shavuot)	Tammuz 17 (fast)	40 days (Moshe’s 1^st trip. People sinned after 39 days)
Sivan 6 (Shavuot)	Av 9 (Tisha B’Av)	63 days (sag)
Sivan 6 (Shavuot)	Adar 14 (Purim)	40 weeks (non-leap years)
Sivan 20	Av 9 (Tisha B’Av)	70 days
Sivan 29	Av 8	39 days (Spies spied out eretz Israel)
Tammuz 17 (fast)	Av 9 (Tisha B’Av)	22 days (The Three Weeks - Bein Hametzarim)
Tammuz 17 (fast)	Elul 1	40 days (Moshe’s 2^nd trip)
Tammuz 17 (fast)	Rosh HaShana	70 days
Tammuz 17 (golden calf / tablets broken)	Nisan 1 (Mishkan erected)	40 weeks
Av 9 (Tisha B’Av)	Tu B’Av	7 days
Av 9 (Tisha B’Av)	Tishri 1 (Yom Teruah / Rosh Hashana)	7 times 7 + 1 = 50 days (7 Sabbaths of Consolation)
Av 9 (Tisha B’Av)	Sivan 15 (Judah’s and Trump’s birthdate)	40 weeks
Av 15 (Tu B’Av)	Elul 25 (Creation of the World)	40 days
Av 1	Tishri 1 (Yom Teruah / Rosh Hashana)	9 days
Elul 1 (Teshuva – New Year for Tithing cattle)	Tishri 1 (Yom Teruah / Rosh Hashana – New Year for Years)	29 days
Elul 1 (Teshuva – New Year for Tithing cattle)	Tishri 3 (Tzom Gedalia Fast)	32 days
Elul 1 (Teshuvah – New Year for Tithing cattle)	Tishri 10 (Yom HaKippurim)	40 days (Moshe’s 3^rd trip)
Elul 1	Tishri 21 (Hoshana Rabbah)	7 times 7 + 1 = 50 days (Teshuva)
Tishri 1-2 (Rosh Hashana)	Tishri 10 (Yom HaKippurim) - exclusive	7 days
Tishri 1-2 (Rosh Hashana)	Tishri 10 (Yom HaKippurim) - inclusive	10 days (The awesome days / Yamim Noraim)
Tishri 1-2 (Rosh Hashana)	Tishri 15-21 (Succoth)	14-21 days
Tishri 1-2 (Rosh Hashana)	Tishri 22 (Shemini Atzeret)	22 days
Tishri 1 (Rosh Hashana)	Tammuz 17	40 weeks
Tishri 3 (Tzom Gedalia Fast)
Tishri 10 (Yom HaKippurim)	Tishri 15 (Succoth)	4 days
Tishri 10 (Yom HaKippurim)	Tishri 22 (Shemini Atzeret / Simchat Torah)	12 days
Tishri 12, 5769	Nisan 1, 5772	1260 days
Tishri 15 (Succoth day 1)	Kislev 25 (Chanukah day 1)	70 days
Tishri 16 (Succoth day 2)	Kislev 26 (Chanukah day 2)	70 days
Tishri 17 (Succoth day 3)	Kislev 27 (Chanukah day 3)	70 days
Tishri 18 (Succoth day 4)	Kislev 28 (Chanukah day 4)	70 days
Tishri 19 (Succoth day 5)	Kislev 29 (Chanukah day 5)	70 days
Tishri 20 (Succoth day 6)	Kislev 30 / Tevet 1 (Chanukah day 6)	70 days
Tishri 21 (Succoth day 7)	Tevet 1 (Chanukah day 7)	70 days
Tishri 15 (Succoth)	Tevet 2 (Chanukah – day 8)	78 days
Tishri 22 (Shemini Atzeret / Simchat Torah)	Kislev 25 (Chanukah)	61 / 62 days
Tishri 22 (Shemini Atzeret / Simchat Torah)	Tevet 2 (Chanukah – day 8)	70 days
Tishri 22 (Shemini Atzeret / Simchat Torah)	Tu B’Av	40 weeks
Heshvan 17 (Noach’s Flood)	Nisan 17	150 days
Heshvan 17 (Noach’s rain began)	Kislev 28 (rain stopped)	40 days
Kislev 25 (Chanukah)	Tevet 10 (Asarah B’Tevet)	15 / 16 days
Kislev 25 (Chanukah)	Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	50 days
Kislev 25 (Chanukah)	Adar 14 (Purim)	77 days
Kislev 25 (Chanukah)	Tevet 2 (Chanukah)	8 days
Kislev 25 (Chanukah)	Tu B’Ab	40 weeks
Kislev 25 (Chanukah)	Tammuz 17	40 weeks (leap years / pregnant years)
Tevet 2 (end of Chanukah)	Tevet 10 (fast)	8 days
Tevet 10	Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat)	33 days
Tevet 10, 5772	Tammuz 17, 5775	42 months
Tevet 10, 5775	Tammuz 17, 5778	42 months
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	Adar 25 (Creation of the World – alternative)	40 days
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	Adar 15 (Shushan Purim)	30 days
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	II Adar 15 (Shushan Purim)	60 days
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	Nisan 15 (Passover)	59 days or 89 days
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	Sivan 6 (Shavuot)	109 days or 139 days
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	Tammuz 17	150 days or 180 days
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	Av 9	171 days or 201 days
Shevat 15 (Tu B’Shevat – New Year for trees)	Av 15 (Tu B’Av)	177 days or 207 days
I Adar 14 (Purim Katan)	II Adar 14 (Purim Gadol)	30 days
Adar 1	Heshvan 29	265 days or 294 days
Adar 7 (Moshe died)	Nisan 16 (manna stopped)	39 days
Adar 13 (Taanit Esther Fast)
Adar 14 (Purim)	Nisan 15-21 (Pesach)	30 days
Adar 14 (Purim)	Iyar 18 (Lag B’Omer)	8 times 8 = 64 days
Adar 15 (Shushan Purim)
Adar 25 (Let there be light)	Shavuot	70 days

First Date	Till	Second Date	Length Of Time	Event

Pesach	till	Shavuot	50 days 7 weeks	The counting of the omer. Between Pesach and Shavuot we are obligated to count seven times seven. Seven represents the physical world, which was created in seven days. The multiplication of seven by seven represents the totality of the physical world. In the days between Pesach and Shavuot we master our ability to infuse the physical world with spirituality.
Pesach	till	Pesach Sheni	30 days
Pesach	till	Tammuz 17	92 days
Pesach	till	Ab 9	113 days
Pesach	till	Ab 15	119 days
Pesach	till	Rosh Hashana	163 days
Pesach	till	Yom Kippurim	173 days
Pesach	till	Succoth	178 days
Iyar 28 Yom Yerushalim	Till	Tisha B’Av	70 days	Temple was destroyed on Tisha B’Av and 1900 years and 70 days earlier, we gained the Temple mount again.
Shavuot	till	Tammuz 17	40 days	Tammuz 17 is the day the golden calf was fashioned.
Shavuot	till	Rosh Hashana	113 days
Shavuot	till	Yom Kippurim	120 days
Sivan 7	till	Tammuz 17	40 days	Moses on Sinai to receive the tablets.
Tammuz 17	till	Tisha B’Ab	21 days	Time of mourning for the Temple.
Tammuz 17	till	Elul 1	40 days	Moshe’s second trip on Mt. Sinai.
Tammuz 17	till	Rosh Hashana	70 days	From Tammuz 17 till Rosh HaShana is 70 days. The sin of the golden calf took place on Tammuz 17. On that day we made an idol our king. Seventy days later, on Rosh HaShana, we declare HaShem to be our King.
Tammuz 18	till	Ab 30	40 days	Moses on Sinai to ask forgiveness for the sin of the golden calf
Tisha B’Ab (Ab 9)	till	Tu B’Ab	7 days	Inclusive. Since the ninth of Av (Tisha B’Ab) recalls the history of Jewish tragedy, the full moon of Av is said to represent the transformation of tragedy into joy.
Tisha B’Ab (Ab 9)	till	Rosh Hashana	7 weeks (50 days)	Seven Shabbatot of consolation between Tisha B’Ab and Rosh Hashanah. The Shechinah moves from the highest level of Heaven to the lowest level over the course of the seven weeks of consolation. And, as much as Shabbat Nachamu implies that the consolation is complete and instantaneous right after Tisha B’Ab, the real reality is that full consolation cannot come until Rosh Hashanah, when The King has officially arrived.
Tisha B’Ab (Ab 9)	till	Shemini Atzeret	70 days	Thus the place where we spent time with HaShem in an exclusive manner on Shemini Atzeret was destroyed seventy days and 1900+ years earlier. Thus the place where we spent time with HaShem in an exclusive manner on Shemini Atzeret was destroyed seventy days and 1900+ years earlier. The place where the Torah was kept in a hidden manner (Holy of Holies) was destroyed on Tisha B’Av is celebrated in a very public manner seventy days and 1900+ years later.

II Adar 25 (Let there be light) Fast of Gedalia (Nisan 3) Shabbat HaGadol (Nisan 12) (Destruction decree (Nisan 13) Pesach Sheni (Iyar 15) Yom Yerushalim (Iyar 28) Shivah Asar B’Tammuz (Tammuz 17) Tisha B’Ab (Ab 9) Succoth (Tishri 15) Shemini Atzeret (Tishri 22) Asarah B'Tevet (Tevet 10) 1st day of chanukah (Kislev 25) 8th day of Chanukah (Tevet 2) Purim (II Adar 14) Lag B’Omer (Iyar 18) Rosh Chodesh Av (the 9 days)	till till till till till till till till till till till till till till till till	Shavuot (Sivan 6) Kislev 14 Sivan 23 Letters sent (Sivan 23) Shivah Asar B’Tammuz (Tammuz 17) Tisha B’Av (Av 9) 4th Day of Creation (Elul 28) Shemini Atzeret (Tishri 22) 1st day of Chanukah (Kislev 15 8th day of Chanukah (Tevet 2) Purim Katan (I Adar 14) Adar 7 Purim (II Adar 14) Lag B’Omer (Iyar 18) Rosh Hodesh Av (the 9 days) Yom Kippurim	70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days 70 days	Adar 25 was the Creation of the heavens and earth. In this example, we see that from the creation of the world till the giving of the Torah, demonstrates that the world was created only so that the Bne Israel could accept the Torah. Gedaliah, the Babylonian-appointed, Jewish, official charged with administering the Jewish population remaining in Judah following the destruction of the Temple and exile in 586 B.C.E. 70 days later, Ezra (the new Babylonian-appointed, Jewish, official) and the Israelites rest after their trip returning from Babylon. Ezra 8:32 The Sabbath before Pesach is called “Shabbat Hagadol” (Lit. The Great Sabbath) when we read the haftorah which tells us of the “Great (Gadol) and Awesome day”, before the redemption when Elijah the Prophet will come with his unique message found in Malachi 3:4-24. One of the reasons this haftorah is chosen is because on Pesach the world is judged for its crops. Our Sages relate that for not observing the laws of the tithes, famine (remember Ruth!) comes. On Sivan 23, Mordechai's edict to save the Jews is sent. Esther 8:9-11, Mid. Rab. - Gen C:7 Recall, in Megillat Esther, that the original decree calling for the destruction of the Jews was sent out on the 13th day of Nisan (3:12). Several days later Haman was hanged and Esther pleaded from the king to repeal this decree (8:3‑6). Achashverosh agreed; however, the actual letters were not sent out until the 23rd of Sivan - some two months later (8:9)! What took so long? By carefully comparing these two dates, we again find an amazing reminder of Yirmiyahu's prophecy of the seventy years. Between the 13th of Nisan until the 23rd of Sivan - 70 days elapsed (17+30+23). During these seventy days, all of the Jews throughout the Persian empire were under the tremendous peril of impending destruction, thinking that their doom was inevitable. Could this be an ironic reminder to the Jewish people that they had not heeded Yirmiyahu's prophecy of what he expected from Bne Israel once the seventy years had expired?[124] The second Passover allowed those who were defiled by the dead on Passover to have a korban Pesach. On Tammuz 17 the luchot were broken, the korban tamid was discontinued, Jerusalem’s walls were breached, Apostamus burnt the Torah scroll, and an Idol was placed in the Temple. These 5 things defiled the Temple. Temple was destroyed on Tisha B’Av and 1900+ years earlier, and 70 days later, we gained the Temple mount again. On Tammuz 17 the luchot were broken, the korban tamid was discontinued, Jerusalem’s walls were breached, Apostamus burnt the Torah scroll, and an Idol was placed in the Temple. Each of these five removed the light of world. On the fourth day God created the sun, moon, and stars. The place where we spent time with HaShem in an exclusive manner on Shemini Atzeret was destroyed seventy days and 1900+ years earlier. The place where the Torah was kept in a hidden manner (Holy of Holies) was destroyed on Tisha B’Av is celebrated in a very public manner seventy days and 1900+ years later. From the Yom Tob of Succoth when we rest in HaShem’s protection in our Succah, till the first day of Chanukah when we rest from a victorious war gainst our enemies by relighting the menora in the Temple. This suggests that in two periods of 70 days we went from the destruction of both the first and second Temples, on Tisha B’Av, to the date when the Temple was re-dedicated after being cleansed and restored in the days of the Maccabees. We went from the disasters to the restoration. Babylonian emperor Nebuchadnezzar laid siege to Jerusalem on Tevet 10. The Talmud [1] suggests we avoid doing anything sad on Purim Katan, such as giving eulogies or saying the penitential prayer, called Tachanun. Mattathias the priest (Maccabee) rises up to lead the Jewish people against the Syrian Greeks in a war of independence. 70 days later we see the birth of Moshe the priest is born to lead the Jewish people in redemption. Moshe also died on this day. Now we go from the rest from destroying our enemies, and we come to Purim which was the celebration of the destruction of our enemies. The end of the Sephirah period of mourning. The anniversary of the death of the author of the Zohar, Hakham Shimon Bar Yochai. On this day he revealed the deepest secrets of the Torah, as found in the Zohar, and it was the day his soul ascended to its source. Lag BaOmer is an oasis of joy in the midst of the sad Sephirah period. Lag BaOmer, according to our Sages, deals with the deepest secrets of the future Messianic Age. A period of semi-mourning leading up to Tisha B'Av, the ninth day of Av on which both Temples in Jerusalem were destroyed. The beginning of the intense mourning for the Temple destroyed because of our sins. 70 days later we celebrate the Yom Kippurim fast day, the holiest day of the year, when we are closest to God and to the essence of our souls. Yom Kippurim means “Day of Atonements”, as the verse states, “For on this day He will forgive you, to purify you, that you be cleansed from all your sins before G‑d”.
Tu B’Ab	till	Elul 25	40 Days	40 days before a child is born, a person’s marriage partner, mission, and status are determined by HaShem. Elul 25 is the first day of creation. Man was created on Tishri 1^{^[2]}.
Elul 1	till	Tishri 10	40 days	Moses on Sinai to get the second set of tablets.
Rosh Hashana	till	Yom Kippurim	10 days	The Yamim noraim – The Awesome Days - the Days of Repentance.
Rosh Hashana	till	Shemini Atzeret	21 days	The word Ach has the numerical value of twenty-one, alluding to Tishri's twenty-one days up to Shemini Atzeret, as if to suggest that those days and the performance of their commandments prepare the nation for the explosion of joy that takes place on Shemini Atzeret.
Rosh Hashana	till	Tammuz 17	40 weeks	Yosef and Shmuel were promised on Yom Teruah and born on Tammuz 17.
Yom Kippurim	till	Succoth	4 days
Succoth	till	Chanukah	70 days	If Kislev has 30 days.
Shemini Atzeret	till	Cheshvan 7	15 days	Zayin Marcheshvan is the day when Jews in Eretz Yisrael begin "to ask for rain; fifteen days after the festival [of Succoth.]"[Taanit 10a] For during the time of the Beit HaMikdash, Jews made a thrice-yearly pilgrimage to the Beit HaMikdash: for Pesach, Shavuot and Succoth. Even the pilgrim who lived at the farthest boundary of Eretz Yisrael and had the greatest distance to travel back home from Jerusalem after spending Succoth there, had already returned home by Zayin Marcheshvan and wouldn't be inconvenienced by the rain that was now being prayed for. Thus, from the day following the festival up until Zayin Marcheshvan, the spiritual state of ascent enjoyed by the Jewish people during their pilgrimage still continued. Beginning with Zayin Marcheshvan, all the Jews were already home and thus in a state of spiritual descent relative to their lofty state while in Jerusalem, where they came face to face with G-d.
Shemini Atzeret	till	Chanukah	60 days	If Kislev has only 29 days.
Chanukah	till	Tu B’Ab	40 weeks	In a leap year.
Chanukah (Last day)	till	Tebet 10	8 days	Adam set sixteen days – the eight days that he had erroneously fasted and the eight days that he celebrated – as one long holiday. The first eight days became Chanukah. The second set of eight days spans the end of Chanukah till the fast of the tenth of Tebet.
Chanukah (Last day)	till	Rosh Chodesh Shevat	29 days	From the last day of Chanukah until and including Rosh Chodesh Shevat there are 29 days.
Chanukah (Last Day)	till	Purim	70 days.	From the last day of Chanukah and day of Purim inclusive, with 70 days in between
Shevat 1	till	Adar 6	36 days	Moses teaches Debarim and says farewell.
Shevat 1	till	Nisan 10	70 days	There are 70 days from the 1st Shevat when Moshe began to expound the Torah (Devarim 1:3), until 10th Nisan when they crossed the Jordan, during which time neither they, nor their children had been punished.
Shevat 2	Till	Tu B’Shebat	14 days.	From the 2nd of Shevat until and including Tu B’Shevat there are 14 days.
Tu B’Shebat	till	Purim	30 days
Tu B’Shebat	till	Adar 25	40 Days	40 days before a child is born, a person’s marriage partner, mission, and status are determined by HaShem. Adar 25 is the first day of creation. Man was created on Nisan 1^{^[3]}.
Tu B’Shebat	till	Pesach	60 days	Bimodality note: New year for trees occurs 60 days before seven day festival of Pesach
Fast of Esther (Adar 13)	till	Tisha B’Ab	144 days
Purim	till	Pesach	30 days / 4 weeks	From Purim to Pesach is thirty days ... (Sanhedrin 12b). The Talmud states that thirty days in advance of every Jewish holiday, one should make a point of beginning to learn the Halachot of the upcoming holiday, to become sufficiently familiar with them. (Shulchan Aruch 429–1) [Megillah 4a. This is learned from the fact that in the desert, the Jews who were unable to celebrate Pesach on the fifteenth day of Nissan were told that in thirty days, on the fifteenth of Iyar, they were to celebrate what would become known as Pesach Sheni (Pesachim 6a).] However, if one make a simple calculation, he will see that thirty days in advance of Pesach is Purim...
Purim	till	Lag B’Omer	64 days	There are exactly sixty-four days between Purim and Lag B’Omer. Sixty-four days is equivalent to eight multiplied by eight. The number eight represents the spiritual world. The multiplication of eight by eight represents the totality of the spiritual world. Purim and Lag B’Omer are one holiday that is broken up into two parts. The holiness of this single holiday begins on Purim. On this day Hashem reveals his hidden guidance of this world. We then spiritually refine ourselves in sequences of eight until we reach the eighth of the eighth, which is Lag B’Omer. We then merit to discover the secrets of Torah. The period between Purim and Lag B’Omer is the time we master our spiritual understanding of HaShem and his Torah.